| Section | Patellares (Boissier) Nakai | |
|---|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Type species | Viola japonica Langsdorff ex Gingins : {Ko Sumire} |
| Variety | ||
| Form |
Viola japonica f. albida (Takenouchi) F.Maek. : {Sirobana Tukusi Ko Sumire}
Viola japonica f. barbata (Hiyama) Hiyama ex F.Maek. : {Hige Ko Sumire}
Viola japonica f. variegata (Hatus.) F.Maek. : {Fuiri Ko Sumire*
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| Synonym | ||
| Origin | japonica : Originating in a name of a country (Japan). | |
| Common names | 【Korean】왜제비꽃, 【English】Short Hairy Violet, 【Chinese】短毛菫菜、紫花地丁、犁頭草 (Note: this name is not clearly distinguishable from some species) |
|
| Stalk Form | The individual leaves and flowering stalks emerge directly from the rootstock. | |
| Habitat | In the dry place, also in the place where altitude is high. | |
| Distribution | Japan domestic | From the South-West of Hokkaido to Yakushima of Kyusyu (There is comparatively little in the Tohoku region northward). |
| Japan overseas | Korean Peninsura southern part. | |
| Others | ||
| Flower | Shape | Middle size. Stent valve is hairless but in rare cases hairy individuals may be found. |
| Color | Although there are many flowers of light purple, a flower color has change from purplish red to white. | |
| Spur | Light purple cylindrical and slightly long. | |
| Season | Early. It may bloom also in autumn. | |
| Stigma | The head is an inverted triangle. | |
| Aromatic | A slightly refreshing aroma has been reported. | |
| Others | ||
| Leaf | Shape | 8 - 10cm long x 3 - 4cm wide (A leaf is roundish long triangle or egg shape). Hairless on both sides. |
| Color | The surface is ashes green. In many individuals, the back side is tinged with purple. | |
| Others | From the name, it is assumed to be a small violet, but not small. The summer leaves get bigger. | |
| Seed | Shape | Narrow ovoid. Medium size. |
| Color | Seeds: brown, Seed pillow: white. Not glossy. | |
| Others | Many seeds. | |
| Characteristics of roots | White and thick. | |
| Endangered Information | Akita：EndangeredⅠ, Yamagata：EndangeredⅡ | |
| Type Specimen | Nagasaki | |
| Chromosome Number | 2n=48 | |
| Reference Information | ||
| Others | A violet with the name "Japan". It is not a small violet. | |
